Application Analysis of Cryptographic Algorithms in Smart Home Data Protection

Abstract

This study focuses on sensitive data security challenges in smart home systems within the context of the Internet of Things (IoT), exploring the application value of cryptographic algorithms in data protection. The paper systematically reviews four cryptographic algorithm types suitable for smart homes: symmetric, asymmetric, hash, and lightweight algorithms. It analyzes specific implementation methods of these algorithms in data collection, transmission, storage, and user authentication processes, while conducting experimental tests to compare efficiency, resource consumption, and security performance of four commonly used algorithms including AES-128 and RSA-2048. Research findings reveal significant performance disparities among algorithms, necessitating rational selection based on device resources and application scenarios, with hybrid encryption schemes being the most widely adopted approach. This study provides practical references for algorithm selection in smart home data protection, lays the foundation for subsequent optimization of lightweight algorithms and post-quantum cryptography exploration, and holds significant implications for building secure smart home data protection systems.